It was found that the water quality of the Euphrates River, which we focus on here, deteriorated due to the decrease in the discharge rate of the river and increase in the concentration of pollutants of the flow throughout the course of the river. There are many reasons leading to this degradation in quality and quantity of surface water in the river basins, many of them influenced by natural factors such a rainfall, soil erosion, temperature, weathering of rock and the dissolution of water-soluble salts, and anthropogenic changes that have direct effects on the water quality and flow rates. Degradation of these rivers has become a serious problem. Water pollution, desertification, drought, and deterioration in water quality are taking a toll on people and the environment. These two rivers are supplying more than 98% of Iraq’s water demands for various purposes. Iraq, for the first time in its long history, is facing a dire water crisis that depends on the decrease in the quantities and degradation in the qualities of the water that enters its borders via Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Université de soutenance : Lund University Titre : Temporal and spatial changes in water quality of the Euphrates river - Iraq
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